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Xyelidae

Weird-antennae sawflies

 

(Life: Kingdom: Metazoa (animals); Phylum: Arthropoda; Class: Hexapoda; Order: Hymenoptera; Superfamily: Xyeloidea)

CLASSIFICATION

Macroxyelinae
 

Xyelinae

Distribution

Nearctic, Oriental, Palaearctic.

Biology

Phytophagous. Macroxyelinae larvae feed on leaves of deciduous trees, most commonly species in the Walnut family (Juglandaceae), or on Elms. Xyelinae feed on pollen (or within the developing buds) of conifers, such as firs, pines, or spruces.

References

Abe, M. & Smith, D.R. 1991. The Genus-group names of Symphyta (Hymenoptera) and their type species. Esakia, Fukuoka 31: 1-115.

Aguiar AP, Deans AR, Engel MS, Forshage M, Huber JT, Jennings JT, Johnson NF, Lelej AS, Longino JT, Lohrmann V, Miko I. 2013. Order Hymenoptera. In: Zhang, Z.-Q.(Ed.) Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Addenda 2013). Zootaxa 3703: 51-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.12

Benson, R. B. 1935. On the genera of Cephidae, and the erection of a new family Syntexidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany, and Geology. Tenth Series, London 16: 535-553.

Blank, S.M., Taeger, A., Liston, A.D., Smith, D.R., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Shinohara , A., Heidemaa , M. & Viitasaari, M. 2009. Studies toward a World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 2254: 1–96.

Blank, S. M., Kramp, K., Smith, D. R., Sundikov, Y. N., Wei, M., & Shinohara, A. 2017. Big and beautiful: the Megaxyela species (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) of East Asia and North America. European Journal of Taxonomy, (348). https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.348

Branstetter MG, Childers AK, Cox-Foster D, Hopper KR, Kapheim KM, Toth AL, Worley KC. 2018. Genomes of the Hymenoptera. Current Opinion in Insect Science 25: 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2017.11.008

Chevin H. 1984. Note sur les Hymenopteres Tenthredinoides (XI). Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 53 (9): 303-309.

Johnson BR, Borowiec ML, Chiu JC, Lee EK, Atallah J, Ward PS. 2013. Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps. Current Biology 23: 2058–2062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050

Klima A. 1937. Cephidae – Syntexidae. In: Hedicke H. (ed.), Hymenopterorum Catalogus 2: 53 pp.

Korkmaz EM, Doǧan Ö, Durel BS, Temel Altun B, Budak M & Başibüyük HH. 2018. Mitogenome organization and evolutionary history of the subfamily Cephinae (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12290

Magis N. & Pauly A. 2001. Captures récentes du Cephide Athetocephalus maculatus Benson, 1935 (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Notes Fauniques de Gembloux 44: 112.

Goulet, H. 1993. Superfamilies Cephoidea, Megalodontoidea, Orussoidea, Siricoidea, Tenthredinoidea and Xyeloidea (pp. 101-129). In GOULET, H.HUBER, J. (eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Muche, W. H. 1981. Die Cephidae der Erde (Hym., Cephidae). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift, Neue Folge, Berlin 28(4-5): 239-295.

Peters RS, Krogmann L, Mayer C, Donath A, Gunkel S, Meusemann K, Kozlov A, Podsiadlowski L, Petersen M, Lanfear R, Diez PA. 2017. Evolutionary history of the Hymenoptera. Current Biology 27:1013-1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027

Quinlan, J. 1974. The nominal taxa described by R. B. Benson and their types, with a bibliography of his works (Hymenoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology series, London 30(4): 217-265.

Sharkey, M., 2007. Phylogeny and classification of Hymenoptera. Zootaxa 1668: 521–548.

Sharkey, M. J., Carpenter, J. M., Vilhelmsen, L., Heraty, J., Liljeblad, J., Dowling, A. P.G., Schulmeister, S., Murray, D., Deans, A. R., Ronquist, F., Krogmann, L. and Wheeler, W. C. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera. Cladistics 28: 80–112. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00366.x

Taeger, A. & Blank, S.M. 2011. ECatSym – electronic world catalog of Symphyta (Insecta, Hymenoptera). Program version 3.10, data version 38 (07.12.2011) Digital Entomological Information, Müncheberg.

Taeger, A., Blank, S.M. & Liston, A.D. 2010. World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 2580: 1-1064.

Credits

Photographs © Simon van Noort (Iziko Museums of South Africa).


Web author Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)

 

Citation: van Noort, S. 2024. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).

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