Bipolaris incurvata (C. Bernard) Alcorn, Mycotaxon 17: 68. 1983.
Basionym: Helminthosporium incurvatum C. Bernard, Bull. Dept. agric. Indes Neerland 2: 31. 1906.
Leaf spots on Cocos sp.: Intially small, oval, brown, later enlarging becoming pale buff in centre with broad dark margins (Ellis 1971).
Description: See Ellis (1971).
Hosts: Cocos nucifera, Chrysalidocarpus lutescens, Neodypsis sp. (Arecaceae).
Distribution: Australia, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guadalcanal, Java, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sabah, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Thailand, USA (FL), Vanuatu (Ellis 1971, Farr & Rossman 2013).
Notes: According to the descriptions given in Bernard (1906) and Ellis (1971), this species produces conidia 100-150 x 19-22 pm with 8- 13-distoseptae. The conidial morphology is similar to B. maydis, the type species of the genus, but the conidia of B. incurvata are longer than those of B. maydis. Unfortunately the type specimen of B. incurvata could not be located and no molecular data are available. Based on the conidial morphology and hilum structure, we retain this species in the genus Bipolaris. This species had been only reported from Arecaceae and no records are found in association with Poaceae. Asexual morph is not recorded.
Bipolaris leersiae (G.F. Atk.) Shoemaker, (as "leersii') Canad. J. Bot. 37: 883. 1959. Fig. 20.
Basionym: Helminthosporium leersiae G.F. Atk., Bull. Cornell Univ. (Science) 3: 47. 1897.
≍ Drechslera leersiae (G.F. Atk.) Subram. & B.L. Jain, Curr. Sci. 35: 354. 1966.
Type material: USA, Alabama, Auburn, on Leersia virginica, 13 Sep. 1891, G.F. Atkinson 2103, CUP, holotype.
Leaf spots on Leersia hexandra: Small, indefinite, dark brown, eye spots. Asexual morph on Leersia virginica: Conidiophores (50-) 65-170(-250) x 6-8 µm (av. = 118, SD = 52, n = 30; av. = 7, SD = 1, n = 30), arising singly or in small groups, simple, septate, sometimes geniculate at upper part, with a swollen basal cell, dark brown. Conidia (54-)65-105 x 15-20 µm (av. = 84, SD = 19, n = 30; av. = 18, SD = 2, n = 30), usually curved, sometimes straight, elliptical, sometimes obclavate, widest at or just below middle, tapering toward ends, pale brown to dark brown, (5-) 8(- 10)-distoseptate. Sometimes end cells of conidia swell to form more or less global vesicles from which germ tubes originate.
Hosts: Leersia hexandra, L. oryzoides, L. virginica (Poaceae). Also reported from: Setaria sp. (Poaceae) (Sivanesan 1987).
Distribution: USA (AL, DC, IL, KS, NC, VA). Reported from Australia (Farr & Rossman 2013).
Additional material examined: USA, Connecticut, Meriden, on Leersia virginica, 7 Sep. 1920, BPI 429501; ibid., BPI 429504; District of Columbia, Georgetown, on L. virginica, 18 Oct. 1926, C. Drechsler, BPI 429500; Illinois, Carmi, on L. oryzoides, 29 Aug. 1924, C. Drechsler, BPI 429498; Kansas, Wildcat Creek, on L. virginica, 15 Oct. 1954, C.T. Rogerson, BPI 429499; ibid., BPI 429505; North Carolina, Flat Rock, on L. virginica, 16 Aug. 1925, C. Drechsler, BPI 429502; Virginia, West Falls Church, on L. virginica, 4 Sep. 1925, C. Drechsler, BPI 429503.
Notes: Bipolaris leersiae is known primarily on...