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A new group of interstitial worms, Lobatocerebridae nov. fam. (Annelida) and its significance for metazoan phylogeny

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Summary

This is the first paper of a series dealing with the new interstitial, monotypic family Lobatocerebridae. The single genusLobatocerebrum is described as a turbellariomorph taxon in the annelid line of evolution. The male genital system, the protonephridial system, the body wall and the anus-hindgut system reveal the most important characteristics for the determination of its phylogenetic position. Although presently the group can not be clearly aligned with any of the classes within the Annelida, the new family is provisionally included into the Oligochaeta, until further, yet undescribed species of this group will reveal better the within-group characterconsistency. Because of the high degree of superficial similarities to the Turbellaria (acoelomate body cavity, complete ciliation, lack of signs of segmentation, special features of the foregut, arrangement of reproductive organs) this paper argues that the Lobatocerebridae may become an important example for trying to understand the origin and evolution of acoelomate flatworms from coelomate ancestors.

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Abbreviations

ad:

adhesive organ

bc:

basal granule cell

bcg:

basal cell granules system

bm:

basement membrane

br:

brain

cm:

circular muscle fibers

cmg:

cyanophilous glands of male gonopore

co:

commissure between lateral nerves

cu:

cuticle

ep:

epidermis

fg:

frontal gland

hg:

hindgut

i:

intestine

il:

intercellular lacunae filled with dense matrix

lc1 :

lobus caudalis major

lc2 :

lobus caudalis minor

1m:

longitudinal muscle bands

ln:

lateral nerve chords

lr:

lobus rostralis

m:

muscle fibers

m1 :

regular mucous gland

mc:

male genital canal

me:

mesenchymal cells

mg:

male gonopore

mo:

mouth opening

n:

small nerve bundles

nc:

neurosecretory cell

ng:

neuroglia cell

np:

neuropile

nu:

nucleus

o:

ovary

oe:

oesophagus

pb:

post-buccal ganglia

pc:

post-cerebral ganglion

ph:

pharynx

phg:

pharyngeal glands

plm:

longitudinal pharynx muscle

pr:

protonephridium

rm:

radial muscles on pharynx

sp:

spermatozoa

sph0 :

sphincter system at mouth opening

sph1 :

first circular muscle band

sph2 :

second circular muscle band

sph3 :

U-shaped muscle band on pharynx

sph4 :

sphincter at oesophagus

sph5 :

anal sphincter

sr:

seminal receptacle

t:

testis

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    R. M. Rieger

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Rieger, R.M. A new group of interstitial worms, Lobatocerebridae nov. fam. (Annelida) and its significance for metazoan phylogeny. Zoomorphologie 95, 41–84 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01342233

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