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Microbial assemblages of Schisandraceae plants and the correlations between endophytic species and the accumulation of secondary metabolites

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Abstract

Aims

Schisandraceae are medicinal plants with significant medicinal and economic value. However, little is known about the microbiota assembly of Schisandraceae plants and the relationship between endophytic species and the accumulation of secondary metabolites.

Methods

In this study, we characterized the bacterial and fungal communities in different compartments of Schisandra sphenanthera and Kadsura angustifolia by 16S/ITS amplicon sequencing. The prediction of the metabolic potential and measurement of specific metabolites were conducted, as well as the correlation with endophytic species was estimated.

Results

A total of 744,162 bacterial and 641,388 fungal amplicon sequence variants were obtained and taxonomically grouped into 44 and 16 different phyla, respectively. Community diversity and composition analyses showed that the two Schisandraceae plants had similar and unique endophytic microbial communities compared with soil microorganisms. Furthermore, PICRUSt and FUNGuild predictive analysis indicated that host-associated functions were associated with metabolic processing. Therefore, the correlations between the five active components (polyphenols, flavonoids, sugars, triterpenoids and lignans) and endophytes of S. sphenanthera and K. angustifolia were investigated. Diverse relationships including positive and negative correlation were found among chemicals and endophytes based on correlation coefficient matrices, which suggested that the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Schisandraceae plants is closely related to the endophytes community composition.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated the differences in the co-occurrence patterns and assembly processes of microbiomes across the multiple plant niches in Schisandraceae plants, which were closely associated with secondary metabolites. These findings present new opportunities to deeply understand plant-microbial symbioses and secondary metabolite productions.

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Data availability

The 16S rRNA and ITS gene sequences of bacteria and fungi used in this manuscript were submitted to the NCBI SRA database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and the accession number is PRJNA736826 (16S) and PRJNA737319 (ITS).

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Funding

This research was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 31270091, 20762015], Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing [grant numbers cstc2018jcyjA0864], National Key R&D Program of China [grant numbers 2020YFC1522500], Chongqing Key Project of Cultural Relics Science and Technology Protection [grant numbers 50000023T000002739316] and Self Supporting Project of Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum [grant numbers 3GM2022-KTZ07].

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Author notes

  1. Dan Qin and Chuan You contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Dan Qin, Chuan You, Wenyi Lan, Yumeng Wang, Baohong Yu, Yajun Peng, Jieru Xu & Jinyan Dong

  2. Key Scientific Research Base of Pest and Mold Control of Heritage Collection (Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum), State Administration of Cultural Heritage, Chongqing, 400060, China

    Dan Qin

  3. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Optical Fiber Sensing Technology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China

    Dan Qin

Authors
  1. Dan Qin
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  2. Chuan You
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  3. Wenyi Lan
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  4. Yumeng Wang
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  5. Baohong Yu
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  6. Yajun Peng
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  7. Jieru Xu
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  8. Jinyan Dong
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Contributions

The experiments and the paper were conducted and written by D.Q., C.Y and W.L. Data analysis and manuscript preparation were performed by D.Q., C.Y., and J.D., Y.W., B.Y., Y.P. and J.X. revised the manuscript. All the authors approved the publication of the paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jinyan Dong.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

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Responsible Editor: Ulrike Mathesius.

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Dan Qin and Chuan You should be considered as co-first authors.

Supplementary Information

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Qin, D., You, C., Lan, W. et al. Microbial assemblages of Schisandraceae plants and the correlations between endophytic species and the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Plant Soil 483, 85–107 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05729-2

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