Abstract
During a diversity study of entomopathogenic fungi in an agricultural ecosystem, two fungi were collected, isolated, and identified based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of three nuclear loci (LSU, TEF1, and RPB1) combined with morphological data. In this study, one novel species is described, Ophiocordyceps flavida, and a new record of Pseudogibellula formicarum for Thailand. Ophiocordyceps flavida morphologically resembles the Hirsutella anamorph of Ophiocordyceps pruinosa by having a mononematous character of the conidiophores and the same insect host (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Pseudogibellula formicarum is found to occur simultaneously with O. flavida, producing white conidiophores on the host. Additionally, secondary metabolites of both fungi were investigated and the major compound in O. flavida was identified as 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-oxirane. Pseudogibellula formicarum from Ghana and Thailand produces 6-methoxy-1H-indole-3-carbonitrile as a main component. These compounds are known from chemical synthesis or as products of biotransformation, respectively. However, they were obtained in our study as genuine fungal metabolites for the first time and may even constitute chemotaxonomic markers for the respective species.
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Data availability
All sequence data generated in this study (see Table 1) are available in GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/).
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Acknowledgements
We thank Mr. Boonmee Maneesodsang, the owner of the orchard, for his kind cooperation. We are also grateful to Wera Collisi for performing bioassays. Thanks to Somruetai Jaiyen for insect host identification. Also, we would like to thank Dr. Philip James Shaw for thoughtful editing of the manuscript. We are grateful to the two anonymous reviewers and editors whose suggestions and comments helped improve the manuscript.
Funding
This research was supported by the Platform Technology Management Section, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Grant No. P19-50231, the Research Personnel Development Division Central Office (NSTDA).
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The specimens in this study were collected by S. Mongkolsamrit, S. Pumiputikul, and J.J. Luangsa-ard. Morphological data were collected by S. Mongkolsamrit and S. Pumiputikul. Molecular data and phylogenetic analyses were performed by W. Noisripoom. Identification of metabolite and bioassay were performed by C. Boonlarppradab and K. Becker.
S. Mongkolsamrit and C. Boonlarppradab wrote the original draft and review and editing were done by R.A. Samson, M. Stadler, and J.J. Luangsa-ard.
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Mongkolsamrit, S., Noisripoom, W., Pumiputikul, S. et al. Ophiocordyceps flavida sp. nov. (Ophiocordycipitaceae), a new species from Thailand associated with Pseudogibellula formicarum (Cordycipitaceae), and their bioactive secondary metabolites. Mycol Progress 20, 477–492 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01683-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01683-y