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Molecular data place the hyphomycetous lichenicolous genus Sclerococcum close to Dactylospora (Eurotiomycetes) and S. parmeliae in Cladophialophora (Chaetothyriales)

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Abstract

The lichenicolous anamorphic fungus Sclerococcum parmeliae was isolated in pure culture, and ITS, nuLSU and mtSSU sequences were obtained from these isolates. For comparison, sequences from S. sphaerale, the generic type, were obtained directly from freshly collected specimens. Phylogenetic analyses place S. sphaerale with species of Dactylospora and an unidentified lichen-inhabiting isolate in a strongly supported clade that is sister to a lineage comprising members of the Chaetothyriales and Pyrenulales. In contrast, S. parmeliae is inferred as a member of the Herpotrichiellaceae (Chaetothyriales) and belongs to a robustly supported clade that also includes species of Cladophialophora, Capronia semiimmersa, and Phialophora verrucosa. Within the Herpotrichiellaceae, S. parmeliae most closely resembles members of the anamorph genus Cladophialophora. Accordingly, we propose the transfer of S. parmeliae and the morphologically similar species S. cladoniae, S. hawksworthii and S. normandinae to Cladophialophora. A new lichenicolous species, Clad. megalosporae, collected twice on Megalospora in Florida and Papua New Guinea, is also described.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the curators of herbaria and the owners of private collections for the loan of specimens in their care, and the curator of GZU for searching for the voucher specimen of culture ALr-1. This study was supported by NSF grant DEB 0841405 to JDL and a Discovery Grant to WAU from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, 25 rue Munster, L-2160, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

    Paul Diederich

  2. Jardin botanique national de Belgique, Département bryophytes-thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout, B-1860, Meise, Belgium

    Damien Ertz

  3. Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030-4444, USA

    James D. Lawrey & Masoumeh Sikaroodi

  4. Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, R7A 6A9, Canada

    Wendy A. Untereiner

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  1. Paul Diederich
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  2. Damien Ertz
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  3. James D. Lawrey
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  4. Masoumeh Sikaroodi
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  5. Wendy A. Untereiner
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Correspondence to Paul Diederich.

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Diederich, P., Ertz, D., Lawrey, J.D. et al. Molecular data place the hyphomycetous lichenicolous genus Sclerococcum close to Dactylospora (Eurotiomycetes) and S. parmeliae in Cladophialophora (Chaetothyriales). Fungal Diversity 58, 61–72 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0179-4

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