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Amphichorda monjolensis sp. nov., a new fungal species isolated from a Brazilian limestone cave, with an update on acremonium-like species in Bionectriaceae

  • Environmental Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

Caves are unique environments characterized by spatial limitations, partial or total absence of direct light, and scarcity of organic carbon and nutrients. Caves are shelters for a variety of adapted animals and microorganisms such as fungi, many of which are still unknown. Amphichorda is a fungal genus belonging to the family Bionectriaceae, which includes cave-dwelling and entomopathogenic species with biotechnological applications. In this study, a new fungal species was identified using morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of the ITS, LSU, and TEF loci, in the Gruta Velha Nova limestone cave located in the Southern Espinhaço Range, Monjolos, Minas Gerais, Brazil. During the exposure of potato dextrose agar plates to the cave environment, an insect from the family Rhaphidophoridae passed by and fed on the culture medium, resulting in three fungal isolates. Phylogenetic analyses showed that these isolates formed a clade distinct from all known species, leading us to introduce a new species, Amphichorda monjolensis, which may be associated with this insect. Here, we also proposed two new combinations for species of acremonium-like fungi in the Bionectriaceae: Bulbithecium globosisporum (synonym: Acremonium globosisporum) and Hapsidospora curva (synonym: Acremonium curvum). The discovery of A. monjolensis highlights the potential of caves as shelters for new species with significant biotechnological importance.

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Data availability

Sequences generated in this work are available at GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/). DNA alignments and phylogenetic trees are provided in the Electronic Supplementary Material.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to colleagues of the Laboratório de Micologia e Etiologia de Doenças Fúngicas/UFV for their valuable help during this work. Authors are also thankful to the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) and Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) for providing additional resources to this research.

Funding

This work was supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG-VALE RDP-00017-18), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Finance Code 001) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570–900, Brazil

    Ana Flávia Leão, Thiago Oliveira Condé, Yan Lucas Gomes Dutra, Maria Catarina Megumi Kasuya & Olinto Liparini Pereira

  2. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570–900, Brazil

    André Wilson Campos Rosado & Olinto Liparini Pereira

  3. Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100–000, Brazil

    Paulo Henrique Grazziotti

  4. Instituto de Ciência E Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100–000, Brazil

    Soraya de Carvalho Neves & Lucio Mauro Soares Fraga

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Contributions

A.F.L. and T.O.C. performed sampling, laboratory work, data analyses and writing. Y.L.G.D performed laboratory work. A.W.C.R. performed sampling. P.H.G. text review. O.L.P., S.C.N. and L.M.S.F. performed sampling and facilitated funding acquisition. M.C.M.K. and O.L.P. supervised and designed the research project. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Olinto Liparini Pereira.

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Leão, A.F., Condé, T.O., Dutra, Y.L.G. et al. Amphichorda monjolensis sp. nov., a new fungal species isolated from a Brazilian limestone cave, with an update on acremonium-like species in Bionectriaceae. Braz J Microbiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-024-01289-y

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