Fröbisch and Reisz 2014
brought us “a new dissoropoid amphibian”, Pasawioops, represented by an excellent small skull (Fig. 1) and a 2x larger partial skull (not shown).
From the abstract:
“A phylogenetic analysis of 17 ingroup taxa and 62 cranial and postcranial characters yielded a single most-parsimonious tree with the new taxon in a monophyletic Amphibamidae as the sister taxon to the Lower Triassic Micropholis (Fig. 2) from South Africa.”
In agreement with this nesting,
the large reptile tree (2003+ taxa; subset Fig. 3) nests Pasawioops (Fig. 1) with Plemmyradytes (Fig. 4) and Micropholis (Fig. 2).
By contrast
the LRT (Fig. 3) nests these two between Trimerorhachis + Dendrepeton and Perryella + Tersomimus far from Amphibamus which nests in the Reptilomorpha in the LRT. They phylogenetically precede Tulerpeton which lived in the latest Devonian, so that’s when these taxa radiated, despite a lack of similar fossils found so far in Late Devonian strata.
From the abstract
“In addition, the new analysis supports a basal split of Amphibamidae into two distinct clades, one containing the new taxon, Micropholis, along with Tersomius, and the other comprising Amphibamus, Gerobatrachus, Doleserpeton, Platyrhinops, Plemmyradytes, Eoscopus, and Georgenthalia. The data retrieved from this new taxon provides insights into the evolution and diversity of the Amphibamidae.”
Maybe 17 ingroup taxa is too few.
In the LRT some taxa employed by Fröbisch and Reisz 2014 nest with Micropholis and Pasawioops, but some taxa do not.
Plemmyradytes shintoni
(Huttenlocker et al. 2007; Early Permian) is known from a tiny partial skull. Here as elsewhere this taxon nests with Micropholis. These are traditionally considered members of the Amphibamidae, but neither nests close to Amphibamus.
Pasawioops mayi
(Fröbisch and Reisz 2008; Early Permian) was considered an amphibamiform, but does not nest with Amphibamus in the LRT. Here this small specimen nests between Dendrerpeton and Perryella.
Micropholis stowi
(Huxley 1859; Early Triassic) is known for nearly the entire skeleton. Here an alternate manus with a two-phalanx thumb is provided. Here the lateral view of the skull does not always match the dorsal view. Many specimens are known.
These taxa are in the lineage leading to Reptilomorpha and Anura.
Therefore these taxa are late survivors in the lineage of both Homo sapiens and frogs (e.g. Rana), if that matters to you.
References
Fröbisch NB and Reisz RR 2008. A New Lower Permian Amphibamid (Dissorophoidea, Temnospondyli) from the Fissure Fill Deposits Near Richards Spur, Oklahoma. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(4):1015–1030.
Huttenlocker AK, Pardo JS and Small BJ 2007. Plemmyradytes shintoni, gen. et. sp. nov., an Early Permian Amphibamid (Temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea) from the Eskridge Formation, Nebraska”. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (2): 316–328.
Huxley TH 1859. On some Amphibian and Reptilian Remains from South Africa and Australia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 15 (1–2): 642–658.
The Pterosaur Heresies 