RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PHYMATOTRICHOPSIS (COTTON) ROOT ROT T. ISAKEIT, R.R. MINZENMAYER, J. STAPPER, AND C.G. SANSONE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM.

Presentation on theme: "RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PHYMATOTRICHOPSIS (COTTON) ROOT ROT T. ISAKEIT, R.R. MINZENMAYER, J. STAPPER, AND C.G. SANSONE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM."— Presentation transcript:

1 RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PHYMATOTRICHOPSIS (COTTON) ROOT ROT T. ISAKEIT, R.R. MINZENMAYER, J. STAPPER, AND C.G. SANSONE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

2 CONTROL APPROACHES: CROP ROTATION ORGANIC AMENDMENTS EARLY MATURING VARIETIES DEEP TILLAGE CHEMICALS

3 CHEMICAL RESEARCH: KEROSENE (CURTIS, 1892) FORMALDEHYDE (KING, 1923) AMMONIA (NEAL, 1932) HG, VOLATILE ORGANICS (EZEKIEL, 1938) FUNGICIDES & FUMIGANTS (SLEETH, 1968) TELONE @ 75 GPA (LYDA, 1967)

4 THE CHALLENGE OF SOIL TREATMENT

5 MODERN FUNGICIDE FIRSTS: BENZIMIDAZOLE (STEM DRENCH) : LYDA, 1970 DMI (STEROL INHIBITORS): LYDA, 1987 PROPICONAZOLE: - SLOW RELEASE: LYDA, 1984 - SIDE DRESS: HINE, 1986 - DRIP: OLSEN & GEORGE, 1987

6 SLOW-RELEASE PROPICONAZOLE: (J.E. MATOCHA, TYNAN, TX, 1995)

7 FUNGICIDE CONTROL: OBJECTIVES SCREEN NEW FUNGICIDES FOR EFFICACY EVALUATE DIFFERENT APPLICATION METHODS RATES REALISTIC FOR ECONOMICS AND “RISK CUP”

8 IN VITRO EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES (0.01 PPM) ON GROWTH (% OF CONTROL) FUNGICIDE% % AZOXYSTROBIN 17 MYCLOBUTANIL 19 BOSCALID 53 PROTHIOCONAZOLE 72 PYRACLOSTROBIN 93 PYRIMETHANIL 74 FENBUCONAZOLE 35 FLUSILAZOLE 25 METCONAZOLE 24 V-10116 23 TEBUCONAZOLE 28 PROPICONAZOLE 25

9 FUNGICIDE% OF CONTROL FENBUCONAZOLE28 TEBUCONAZOLE28 MYCLOBUTANIL22 PROTHIOCONAZOLE53 FLUSILAZOLE28 PROPICONAZOLE31 V-1011629 SENSITIVITY OF P.O. TO 0.01 PPM FUNGICIDE IN VITRO LAB VS. FIELD: THE PROBLEM APPEARS TO BE GETTING THE FUNGICIDE TO THE PATHOGEN

10 STEM DRENCH OBJECTIVES: EVALUATE NEW CHEMICAL GROUPS: - EPA-FRIENDLY - COTTON LABEL STEM-DIRECTED SPRAYS: - ECONOMICAL, ESPECIALLY ON DRIP - USE WITH PRECISION AG

11 2002 SAN PATRICIO COUNTY: PHOTO: CARLOS FERNANDEZ

12 SAN PATRICIO COUNTY, 2002 STEM DRENCH: Treated June 17 June 28

13 SAN PATRICIO COUNTY, 2002:

14 2005 STEM DRENCH FUNGICIDES: RATE: 3.4 LB A.I. / A T, T, S+O; 3.7 LB Q; 33.9 LB F; 9 + 8.5 LB F+F VOLUME: 41 GPA

15 SAN PATRICIO COUNTY: TREATED JUNE 23, 2005: 90 DAYS AFTER PLANTING (3 NAWF)

16 TOM GREEN COUNTY: MERETA: 12th TRUE LEAF 49 DAP TREATED JULY 6, 2005 WALL: 7th TRUE LEAF; 27 DAP

17 MERETA: SEPT. 27, 2005:

18 2005 RESULTS:

19 COST OF FUNGICIDES: PHLOEM-MOBILE FUNGICIDES WOULD BE MORE EFFICIENT!

20 2006 STEM DRENCH EXPERIMENTS APPLICATION TO LOWER STEM: LARGE PLOTS, THREE LOCATIONS APPLICATION TO LOWER STEM: 11 CHEMICALS, ONE LOCATION TWO SEED TREATMENTS COMPARED TO PROPICONAZOLE STEM DRENCH, TWO LOCATIONS

21 2006 SAN PATRICIO COUNTY RESULTS LOWER STEM APPLICATION

22 2006: CRR MORTALITY FOLLOWING STEM DRENCH OF FUNGICIDES FUNGICIDE% % NONE 56 BOSCAL.+PYRACLO. 39 DPX-LEM 17 59 PROTHIOCONAZOLE 37 FLUPICOLIDE 67 PYRIMETHANIL 48 V-10116 54 FLUSILAZOLE 50 METCONAZOLE 51 V-10178 39 FLUOXASTROBIN 47 PROPICONAZOLE 22

23 LOWER STEM APPLICATION % DISEASE WALLSAN ANGELO FUNGICIDE8/22 9/26 NONE (CONTROL)281246 PROPICONAZOLE222127 THIOPHANATE-MET.281448 BOSCALID261452 PYRACLOSTROBIN222041 DPX-LEM 17242249 V-10178271458 RESULTS: TOM GREEN COUNTY, TWO LOCATIONS

24 2006: SEED TREATMENT AND STEM DRENCH TREATMENT # DEAD / 200 ROW FT. NONE (CONTROL) 209 SEED: TRIFLOXYSTROBIN + TRIADIMENOL + IPCONAZOLE 220 SEED: TRIFLOXYSTROBIN + TRIADIMENOL + TCMBT 190 STEM: PROPICONAZOLE (2 LB. A.I. / A) @ 5 NAWF 175

25 LOCATION OF EXPERIMENT APPLICATION VIA DRIP TAPE

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32 2006: APPLICATION VIA DRIP INCIDENCE OF CRR / 200 ROW FT. FUNGICIDE# DISEASED NONE (CONTROL)125 AZOXYSTROBIN221 PROPICONAZOLE118 THIOPHANATE-METHYL189 PROTHIOCONAZOLE167 METCONAZOLE176

33 FUNGICIDE (LB. A.I./A)% DISEASE NONE (CONTROL)59 AZOXYSTROBIN (0.5)60 PROPICONAZOLE (1.5)50 THIOPHANATE-METHYL (1.4)57 TEBUCONAZOLE (1)53 TETRACONAZOLE (1)50 APPLIED 7/26/07 @ FLOWERING EVALUATED 10/05/07 2007: APPLICATION VIA DRIP

34 FUTURE REQUIREMENTS: IMPROVE CONTROL: TIMING REDUCE COSTS: CHEMICAL RATE

35 GROWER COOPERATORS JOHN AND DOUG WILDE NOLAN NIEHUES JERRY MULTER JERRY VANECEK LONNIE KELLERMEIER JAMES RAY ADAMS