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Este artículo tiene como objetivo general contribuir al debate sobre las relaciones entre el Estado y la sociedad a nivel subnacional y se centra específicamente en el caso de Argentina. Para ello, desarrollamos dos objetivos específicos. En primer lugar, hacemos un planteo teórico y conceptual sobre la importancia de estudiar la diversidad de estr...
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... However, due to the opportunistic behavior of the species of this genus, it is necessary to be cautious when considering these strains as colonizers of the wood of the museum. Penicillium has been registered in Antarctica in numerous works, from different substrates such as soil, house dust, food, leaves and mosses (Kerry 1990a, b;Möller and Dreyfuss 1996;Vishniac 1996;Azmi and Seppelt 1998;Comerio and Mac Cormack 2004). Penicillium chrysogenum Thom, Penicillium commune Thom, Penicillium solitum Westling, Penicillium raistrickii G. Sm., Penicillium steckii K.M. Zalessky and Penicillium citrinum Thom, were isolated from different species of Antarctic macroalgae (Godinho et al. 2013). ...
Antarctica is a continent that presents extreme conditions for life. Numerous buildings that served as housing for expeditioners and scientists are considered historical heritage, including Casa Moneta Museum, located at the Orcadas Base on Laurie Island, South Orkney Islands (Antarctic Peninsula). It is built entirely of wood, and currently shows visible signs of deterioration. In this work, we studied the mycobiota present in the deteriorated wood of the museum to characterize the fungal diversity present. Macro-, micro-morphological and phylogenetic studies were carried out to identify the fungi isolated. Temperature tests were also performed to study the growth of different strains. Almost 20% of the fungi isolated belonged to Cadophora. Other frequently obtained genera were Tulasnella (16%), Cerinosterus (12%), Coniochaeta (7%), Geomyces (7%), Acremonium (7%) and Penicillium (7%). Temperature tests indicated all strains isolated are psychrotolerant. Five species have been reported for the first time for Antarctica. Deterioration of historic wooden structures and artifacts in extreme environments is currently causing great concern, and in this study the identification of the fungi present in Casa Moneta’s wood and the characterization of their metabolism could be a guide to the development of preservation strategies for this historical building.
Antarctica is one of the most suitable locations for the bioprospecting of psychrotrophic fungi, which play a key role in the nutrient cycle and organic material mineralization in cold environments. These actions mainly take place via the production of several cold-active extracellular enzymes. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of filamentous fungi from King George Island (25 De Mayo Island), Antarctica and their ability to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes at low temperatures. A total of 51 fungal isolates were obtained from 31 samples. Twelve genera were identified, with seven among the Ascomycota ( Cadophora, Helotiales, Monographella, Oidodendron, Penicillium, Phialocephala, Phialophora, Phoma and Pseudogymnoascus ), one Basidiomycota ( Irpex ) and two Mucoromycota ( Mortierella and Mucor ). Monographella lycopodina and Mucor zonatus , not previously reported in Antarctica, were identified. Nine isolates could not be identified to genus level and may represent novel species. Most of the studied fungi were psychrotrophic (76.5%). Nevertheless, only five isolates were able to grow at 35°C, 15°C being the optimal growth temperature for 65% of the fungal isolates. Results from enzyme production at low temperature revealed that the Antarctic environment contains metabolically diverse fungi, which represent potential tools for biotechnological applications in cold regions.
