Group 2 Adenophorea PDF

NEMATODES
ADENOPHOREA
POST-LAB CONFERENCE | EXERCISE NO. 8
GROUP 2: BUCASAS | GALARION | GUARIN | RODRIGUEZ
OBJECTIVES
illustrate the life cycle of the species
01 under class aphasmidia
differentiate aphasmids as to their
02 infective stage, modes of transmission,
and main habitat
distinguish identifying characteristics
03 of the eggs, larvae and adult aphasmids
microscopically
enumerate preventive measures against
04 these parasitic infections
INTRODUCTION
PHYLUM NEMATODA: CLASS ADENOPHOREA
SUPERFAMILY TRICHINELLOIDEA
• Trichinella spiralis
• Capillaria philippinensis
• Trichuris trichiura
Phasmids vs Aphasmids
Distribution|Habitat|Behavior
|Significance to humans
S
ELF- ASSESSMENT
QUESTIONS
1. What are the human adenophoreans that parasitize or live in the small
intestines? Large intestines?
SMALL INTESTINE LARGE INTESTINE

Trichinella spiralis Trichuris trichiura
Capillaria philippinensis
2. Why is human infection considered the ‘dead-end’ infection for the

Trichinosis?
Man is the dead-end of the parasite, as the cysts in human muscles are
unlikely to be eaten by another host.
3. What are some precautions that can be done to prevent occurrences of these parasitic
infections?
MORBIDITY SANITATION ENVIRONMENTAL

CONTROL SANITATION
S
ELF- ASSESSMENT
QUESTIONS
4. Complete the table below
Capillaria Trichinella spiralis Trichuris

philippinensis trichiura
COMMON NAME Pudoc worm Trichina worm Whipworm
INFECTIVE STAGE Encysted larvae Encysted larvae Embryonated egg
MODES OF Ingestion of infected Ingestion of Ingestion of eggs

TRANSMISSION raw fish encysted larva in containing mature
undercooked meat larvae from
(pork or bear) infected soil or
food
MICROSCOPE APPEARANCE
Name Here Name Here
CHIEF CHEF CHIEF CHEF
2013 ~ 2014 Text here 2013 ~ 2014 2013 ~ 2014 Text here
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designed. impress your audience designed.
and add a unique zing.
2014 ~ 2016Text here 2014 ~ 2016Text here
Get a modern PowerPoint 2014 ~ 2016Text here Get a modern PowerPoint
Presentation that is beautifully Get a modern PowerPoint Presentation that is beautifully
designed. Presentation that is beautifully designed.
designed.
2016 ~ 2019 Text here 2016 ~ 2019 Text here
Get a modern 2016 ~ 2019 Text here Get a modern
PowerPoint Get a modern PowerPoint PowerPoint
Presentation that is Presentation that is beautifully Presentation that is
beautifully designed. designed. beautifully designed.
Trichuris trichuria ova CHIEF CHEF Trichuris trichuria male

Name Here Whole mount prep
Trichuris trichuria female
Whole mount prep
Name Here Name Here
designed.
Capillaria philippinensis ova CHIEF CHEF

Name Here
Capillaria philippinensis ova
Name Here Name Here
designed.
CHIEF CHEF Muscle biopsy trichinella

feMale trichinella spiralis Name Here spiralis
Male trichinella spiralis
LIFE CYCLE
Trichuris trichiura
LIFE CYCLE
Capillaria philippinensis
LIFE CYCLE
Trichinella spiralis
1. How does trichuriasis cause a prolapsed
rectum?
Heavy Infection
Irritation
Peristalsis
Trauma
Edema
Q UESTIONS
FOR RESEARCH
Q
UESTIONS
FOR RESEARCH
2. What are the methods of diagnosing
Trichinosis?
• Definitive diagnosis: Muscle
biopsy
• Digestion Technique
• Eosinophilia, muscle
enzymes and total IgE in
serum
• Algorithm for signs and
symptoms
Q UESTIONS
FOR RESEARCH
3. How can the following parasites be
differentiated? (Describe and differentiate)
a. Typical female Capillaria

Typical (Oviparous)—8-10 eggs in utero arranged in a single row
b. Atypical female Capillaria

Atypical (Larviparous)—40-45 eggs in utero arranged in 2-3 rows
Q UESTIONS
FOR RESEARCH
A BRIEF UPDATE ON THE
DIAGNOSIS OF
TRICHINELLOSIS
by RC Ko
(2019)
The major objectives of the present paper

are to provide a brief update and to
stimulate further discussion on the
diagnosis of trichinellosis. Three main areas
will be reviewed; production of specific
antigens, antibody detection and antigen
detection.
Glycoproteins:
Heat resistant nature:
UPDATES
REFERENCES
1. Belizario, V. Y. Jr, & De leon, W. U. (2013). Medical Parasitology in
the Philippines (2nd Edition). Manila: University of the Philippines.
2. Garcia, L.(2007). Diagnostic Medical Parasitology (5th Edition).
Washington, DC: ASM Press.
3. Paniker, C.J. (2013). Paniker’s Textbook of Medical Parasitology
(7th Edition). New Delhi : Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P)
Ltd.
4. John, D.T.& Petri Jr., W.P.(2006) Markell and Voge’s Medical
Parasitology (9th Edition). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Inc.
5. University of Santo Tomas: Faculty of Medicine and Surgery
(2015, August 12). Lecture 1: Nematodes. Retrieved from
https://theelusivedoktora.files.wordpress.com/2016/08/lec1-para-
nematodes1.pdf
6. Ko R. A BRIEF UPDATE ON THE DIAGNOSIS OF
TRICHINELLOSIS [Internet]. 2020 [cited 4 February 2020].
Available from: https://www.tm.mahidol.ac.th/seameo/1997-28-1-
suppl/20-91-
98.pdf?fbclid=IwAR2_yhqIMiZwFiXA5qtNjvILwx9k2X6NXEeMJ8d
WxVp_HgmbiV9x6mYNgdo

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NEMATODES

SMALL INTESTINE LARGE INTESTINE

2. Why is human infection considered the ‘dead-end’ infection for the

MORBIDITY SANITATION ENVIRONMENTAL

Capillaria Trichinella spiralis Trichuris

INFECTIVE STAGE Encysted larvae Encysted larvae Embryonated egg

MODES OF Ingestion of infected Ingestion of Ingestion of eggs

Trichuris trichuria ova CHIEF CHEF Trichuris trichuria male

Capillaria philippinensis ova CHIEF CHEF

CHIEF CHEF Muscle biopsy trichinella

a. Typical female Capillaria

b. Atypical female Capillaria

The major objectives of the present paper

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