Protozoa
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Classification of fungi and fungi like organism, detail description about protozoal diseases and their general characters and life cycle, will provide an idea about pathogen life cycles and other information
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Protozoa
- 1. CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI N.H. SHANKAR REDDY 2nd Ph.D. Plant Pathology Annamalai University
- 3. Protozoa
- 5. Phylum – Plasmodiophoromycota Genera characters of Plasmodiophromycota 1. Otherwise (some members) called as slime moulds 2. Microscopic, obligate parasites (biotrophs) of fresh water algae and fungi 3. Thallus naked holocrpic plasmodium. 4. Except for reinfection phage (in soil water), the life cycle entirely within the host. 5. Zoospores are biflagllate and anisokont, with anterior whiplash of unequal ends, one is short and one long 6. Eg - Club root of cabbage – Plasmodiophora brassicae
- 6. Life cycle of club root of cabbage – Plasmodiophora brassicae Systemic classification :- Domain – Eukarya Kingdom – Protozoa Phylum – Plasmodiophoromycota Class - Plasmodiophoromycetes Order – Plasmodiophorales Family – Plasmodiophoraceae Genus – Plasmodiophora Species – brassicae
- 7. Symptoms – Roots decay, followed by yellowing, permanent wilting or retarded growth, hypertrophy and hyperplasia occurs Hypertrophy – abnormal enlargement of cells (increase in size of cells) Hyperplasia – increase in number of cells (increase cell divisions)
- 8. LIFE CYCLE • Infected host roots gets decayed, spores are released into soil, the spores • germinated immediately with the help of root exudates. During germination a naked • spherical pears shaped uninucleate zoospore with biflagellate of unequal length A phase • Zoospores get attached to the surface of the roots • Eventually, inactivation of flagella, retraction of axonemes and encystment of • zoospores takes place • By punching the host cell the zoospores entered into the host cells, these • zoospores are called multinucleate primary plasmodium or ‘Myxoamoeba’ • The protoplast increases in size and undergoes cruciform divisions resulting in • formation of plasmodium • Later these multinucleate segments are delimited, each one develop into a • zoosporangium • The plasmodium consists of several sporangia. The sporangia become attached • to the to the host cell • Each sporangium form 4-8 uninucleate biflagellate zoospores are released • through a pore, lateron zoospores function as a gametes
- 9. B phase • Zoospore settled on the root hairs, shreds flagella and entered into the cortex of the root cells • Each of binucleate plasmodium enlarges and undergoes repeated mitotic divisions to form multinucleate body referred as multinucleate secondary plasmodium • Hypertrophy – abnormal enlargement of cells (increase in size of cells) • Hyperplasia – increase in number of cells (increase cell divisions) • These multinucleate secondary plasmodium get hypertrophied and takes plac club • The karyogamy takes diploid nuclei are formed, then after meiosis