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Phylum Entoprocta: Tiny Marine Filter Feeders
- 1. Phylum Entoprocta Dr. Muhammad Moosa Abro @Zoology by Miler and Harley
- 2. Examples Urnatella gracilis, Pedicellina cernua. Approximately 150 species. mostly sessile animals, Ranging from 0.1 to 7 mm long. Mature individuals are goblet shaped and attached by relatively long stalks. Phylum Entoprocta Dr. Muhammad Moosa Abro
- 3. They have a crown of solid tentacles that bear cilia, draw food particles toward the mouth. The mouth and anus lie inside the crown (Entoprotca means “anus inside.”) Occur throughout the world, primarily in marine habitats, although one genus, Urnatella, is a freshwater form. Entoprocts may either exist singly or form colonies of communicating members, called zooids. Phylum Entoprocta Dr. Muhammad Moosa Abro
- 4. External fertilization is most common. Females of other species retain ova in brood chambers where they are fertilized and larvae develop. After hatching, the larvae swim for a short time, settle on a substrate, and metamorphose to the adult. Phylogenetic Relationships Fossils of entoprocts are very rare and date from the Late Jurassic period. Some molecular phylogenies place the entoprocts in a clade with the ectoprocts and cycliophorans Phylum Entoprocta • Dr. Muhammad Moosa Abro
- 5. References 5 1. Miller, A.S. and Harley, J.B. ; 1999 , 2002., 2007, 2009, 2012 & 2016 Zoology, 4th , 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th , 9th& 10th Edition (International), Singapore : McGraw Hill. 2. Hickman, C.P., Roberts, L.C/, AND Larson, A., 2018. INTEGRATED PRINCIPLES OF ZOOLOGY, 15th Edition (International), Singapore: McGRAW-Hill