Thermomyces lanuginosus and Scytalidium thermophilum are among the most ubiquitous thermophilic fungi in compost and soil. Chemical study on these two prevalent strains collected from Yunnan led to isolation of 23 metabolites, including one new metabolite, therlanubutanolide, and 15 known compounds, isolated from the YGP culture broth of Thermomyces lanuginosus and 7 known compounds isolated from Scytalidium thermophilum, respectively. Therlanubutanolide shared the quite similar features of the same carbon skeleton and saturation as natural hexadecanoic acids. This was the first reported discovery of such a lactone as natural occurring metabolite. All the compounds were reported for the first time from thermophilic fungi. Among them, N‐[(2S,3R,4E,8E)‐1,3‐dihydroxy‐9‐methyloctadeca‐4,8‐dien‐2‐yl]acetamide was for the first time reported to be a naturally occurring metabolite and its NMR data was first provided in this study. A type of PKS‐derived metabolites, three 3,4‐dihydronaphthalen‐1(2H)‐ones, which were widely found in plant pathogenic fungi as phytotoxins and reported to have antimicrobial activity, were obtained from both dominant thermophilic fungi. The frequent occurrence of such PKS phytotoxins in these two thermophilic fungi might suggest particular ecological interest.

中文翻译：

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来自两种主要嗜热真菌物种 Thermomyces lanuginosus 和 Scytalidium thermophilum 的代谢物

Thermomyces lanuginosus 和 Scytalidium thermophilum 是堆肥和土壤中最普遍的嗜热真菌之一。对从云南收集的这两种流行菌株的化学研究导致分离出 23 种代谢物，包括一种新代谢物，therlanubutanolide 和 15 种已知化合物，分别从 Thermomyces lanuginosus 的 YGP 培养液中分离出来，以及从 Scytalidium thermophilum 中分离出来的 7 种已知化合物。Therlanubutanolide 具有与天然十六烷酸相同的碳骨架和饱和度的非常相似的特征。这是首次报道发现这种内酯作为天然代谢物。所有化合物均为首次从嗜热真菌中报道。其中，N-[(2S,3R,4E,8E)-1,3-dihydroxy-9-methyloctadeca-4, 8-二烯-2-基]乙酰胺首次被报道为天然代谢物，其核磁共振数据首次在本研究中提供。一种 PKS 衍生的代谢物，三种 3,4-二氢萘-1(2H)-酮，广泛存在于植物病原真菌中，作为植物毒素，据报道具有抗菌活性，是从两种主要的嗜热真菌中获得的。在这两种嗜热真菌中频繁出现此类 PKS 植物毒素可能表明其具有特殊的生态学意义。