RMRE388P–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. 56 CRONAETIUM RIBICOLA of Rihes (Fig. 34); they have been recorded on 26 out of about 50 known species. The sperniogones and secidia are formed on stems and branches of the five-leaved species of Pinus: they have been found on five out of the eighteen Pines of that group, but do not attack species having 2 or 3 leaves in a fascicle. The following account is founded on that of Spaulding (1911). The basidiospores are formed about the beginning of August, and if they are blown by the wind, and adhere to moist youn
RMPG3NJP–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 436 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS fo§doR88DQ. The genus Coleosporium is to be considered entirely heterce- cious, and whenever secidial stages are known in the life cycle, they occur on species of Pinus, and are referable to the form genus Peridermium. The aecidial stage of the species here discussed has recently been found through inoculation experiments to be a form known as Peridermium acicohnu occurring on leaves of Pinus rigida in several of the northeastern states. The Euro- pea
RMRDCY7T–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. AGARICUS. 457 rhizomorphs distribute the fungus in the earth and other dead substrata, as well as bore into the bark of healthy Conifers. This parasite attacks not only the indigenous Conifers (spruce, silver fir, pine, larch, and juniper),^ but also the introduced forms—Weymouth pine, Douglas fir, Pinus rigida, Abies Fichta, Picea sitchensis, various Cupressineae, etc. It also seems to attack broad-leafed trees, at
RMPG41GM–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. AGARICUS. 457 rhizomorphs distribute the fungus in the earth and other dead substrata, as well as bore into the bark of healthy Conifers. This parasite attacks not only the indigenous Conifers (spruce, silver fir, pine, larch, and juniper),^ but also the introduced forms—Weymouth pine, Douglas fir, Pinus rigida, Abies Fichta, Picea sitchensis, various Cupressineae, etc. It also seems to attack broad-leafed trees, at
RMRDJ5NM–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 436 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS fo§doR88DQ. The genus Coleosporium is to be considered entirely heterce- cious, and whenever secidial stages are known in the life cycle, they occur on species of Pinus, and are referable to the form genus Peridermium. The aecidial stage of the species here discussed has recently been found through inoculation experiments to be a form known as Peridermium acicohnu occurring on leaves of Pinus rigida in several of the northeastern states. The Euro- pea
RMPG3NK6–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 434 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS fungus should not long ago have appeared in America.1 The eecidial stage is also found upon another species of pine, Pinus cembra, and it is believed by some that the fungus is indigenous upon this species in Russia and in Switzerland. Host plants. The uredo and teleuto stages (Fig. 211) occur upon many varieties of the genus Ribes, representing several. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally
RMRDJ5P7–. Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 434 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS fungus should not long ago have appeared in America.1 The eecidial stage is also found upon another species of pine, Pinus cembra, and it is believed by some that the fungus is indigenous upon this species in Russia and in Switzerland. Host plants. The uredo and teleuto stages (Fig. 211) occur upon many varieties of the genus Ribes, representing several. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally
RMPG4AWM–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 396 UREDINEAK Jun. virginiana, and Jun. phoenicea. (A reported occurrence on Pinus lialepensis is probably an error.) The sporogenous cushions are little dark-brown protuberance-s which break forth in spring from swellings, or on green. Fig. 230.—Gymnospvratmium sabinae on twigs of Junipa"UR Sahtna, at the time of liberation of spores, (v. Tubeuf phot.) twigs and scale-leaves. These bodies absorb water, swell,
RMRE2G9C–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. COLEOSPORIUM 323. Teleutospores. Sori filling large intercellular spaces of the mesophyll towards the lower sur- face of the leaf; spores prismatic, length up to 140/x, breadth 18— 28 fj,; epispore 18—21 fj, thick, or more, at the summit. ^cidia on (?both) leaves of Pinus silvestris; uredo- and teleu- tospores on Tussilago Farfara, May—November, very common. (Fig. 243.) The connection of the spore-forms on the alternate hosts has been demon- strated by Plowright, Klebahn, Fischer and Wagner. Klebahn and Fischer
RMPG4BCJ–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. RHIZINA. 273 Fr. {Rh. inflata, Schaeff.). Eoot fungus, or Ring-disease.-^ This fungus is found as a saprophyte on the earth, especially where forest fires have occurred; also as a parasite on indigenous and exotic conifers. As such it has been observed in nurseries in various parts of Germany, and in woods of Pinus Pinaster in France. The fungus itself is known in Britain, though not as a parasite.. ^ Fig. 144.—Spor
RMRDCYAF–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 396 UREDINEAK Jun. virginiana, and Jun. phoenicea. (A reported occurrence on Pinus lialepensis is probably an error.) The sporogenous cushions are little dark-brown protuberance-s which break forth in spring from swellings, or on green. Fig. 230.—Gymnospvratmium sabinae on twigs of Junipa"UR Sahtna, at the time of liberation of spores, (v. Tubeuf phot.) twigs and scale-leaves. These bodies absorb water, swell,
RMPG4BJD–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 116.âH7/poderma strobicota on Pinus Strobus. Ascus containing eight ascospores â with gelatinous coats; paraphyses with clavate ends. (After v. Tubeuf.) Fig. 117.âHypoderma strobicoia. Isolated ascospores: with and without a gelatinous coat, and one- or two-celled. (After v. Tubeuf.) some species, but have a delicate stalk in others. The spores, eight in each ascus, are never long and thread-like, but always mu
RMRE2FGA–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF PUNGI 303 the Department of Agriculture, importation of every spe- cies of the genus Pinus has been forbidden from all European countries and lo- calities. In March, 1916, the Federal Horticultural Board requested all nursery- men in the eastern United States not to ship white pine, gooseberry or currant stock into the Rocky Moun- tain and Western white pine forest areas. 288. Timber-destroying Fungi.—Everyone recalls the "shelf-fungi," so often seen growing on the trunks of trees (Fig. 223). These forms are the fruiting bodies
RMPG4B0J–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 214.—Cronai'tium asclepiadeum oji Ct/nanch^m Vincetoxicum. The uredo- sori sliow as spots, the teleutospore-sori as processes on the leaves, (v. Tubeuf del) also on Gentiana asclepiadea). The aecidial stage, known as Peridermium Oornui Eostr. et Kleb. produces a blister-rust on the bark of Pinus sylvestris.. Fig. 215.—Ci-onartium asclepiadeum. Section of a Cynanchum leaf. The leaf-parenchyma is permeated with m
RMRDX0HW–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. 206 PROTOBASIDIOMYCETES [CH. in kind from the normal process. In Pinus sylvestris^ the male and female nuclei lie side by side but do not fuse till their chromosomes become mingled on the first spindle of the embryo; in many of the protozoa and in some other animals a series of conjugate divisions may precede the combination of the paternal and maternal chromosomes in a single membrane.. Fig. i8i. Puccinia Potiophylli S.; fertile cell of teleutosorus giving risetoteleutospores; after Christ- Fig. iS'Z. Phraamidium violaceum Went.; a. tele
RMPG42YB–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fio. 14. Fig. 13.—Tracheid of Pinus sytvestris destroyed by Travutes pini. The primary cell-WHll is completely dissolved from below upwards to a^ a; 6, secondary and tertiary layers of the walls consisting in the under portion of cellulose only, in which gi'anules of chalk are recognizable ; c, fungus-hyphae boring through the walls, leaving holes d and e. (After R. Hartig.) Fic. 14.—Tracheid of Pinus destroyed by P
RMRDD87X–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. RHIZINA. 273 Fr. {Rh. inflata, Schaeff.). Eoot fungus, or Ring-disease.-^ This fungus is found as a saprophyte on the earth, especially where forest fires have occurred; also as a parasite on indigenous and exotic conifers. As such it has been observed in nurseries in various parts of Germany, and in woods of Pinus Pinaster in France. The fungus itself is known in Britain, though not as a parasite.. ^ Fig. 144.—Spor
RMPG4ANT–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 416 UKEDINEAE. P. Ravenelii Thiim. On Piiitts aitstralis in North America (probably a variety of P. oblongisporium). P. deformans Mayr. On Pinus mitis in America. P. giganteum (Mayr). On Pimts deiuijlora and P. Thunhergii in Japan. This causes very conspicuous deformation of its host (Figs. 249 and 250). P. complanatum Barcl. On Pinus longifolia in India. The following species frequent other hosts: Peridermium conon
RMRE2G95–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. 324 COLEOSPORIUM Uredospores. Sori scattered, orange, at first covered by the epidermis, soon pulverulent; spores ovate or ellipsoid, densely and evenly verruculose, 21—34 x 14—21 /u,. Teleutospores. Sori forming little red crusts; spores pris- matic, length up to 100 fi, breadth 18—24 fj,; epispore up to 14/u. thick at the summit. iEcidia on leaves of Pinus silvestris; uredo- and teleutospores on Petasites officinalis, August—November, not uncommon. The life-cycle has been demonstrated by Fischer and Wagner fo
RMPG4624–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 352 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE C. comptoniae Arth. I (=Periderinium pyriforme) on Pinus trunks. Ill on Comp- tonia. The Peridermium is perennial in the trunks of the pine where it does considerable injur'. Clinton sowed aeciospores from pine. Fig. 256.—Cronartium comptoru;£ (PehdermiumJ on Pinus. After Clinton. on Comptonia and in about twelve daj^s the uredinia began to appear.^''' C. quercus (Brond.) Schr. Hetercecious I (=Peridermium cerebrum) on pine. Ill on oak. Successful inoculations were first reported by Shear,-*
RMRDEY03–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 352 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE C. comptoniae Arth. I (=Periderinium pyriforme) on Pinus trunks. Ill on Comp- tonia. The Peridermium is perennial in the trunks of the pine where it does considerable injur'. Clinton sowed aeciospores from pine. Fig. 256.—Cronartium comptoru;£ (PehdermiumJ on Pinus. After Clinton. on Comptonia and in about twelve daj^s the uredinia began to appear.^''' C. quercus (Brond.) Schr. Hetercecious I (=Peridermium cerebrum) on pine. Ill on oak. Successful inoculations were first reported by Shear,-*
RMPG4517–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 200 MYCOLOGY slit. The teliospores consist of four superimposed cells. There is a North American species of this family, Gallowaya pint (formerly Coleo- sporium pini), which has teliospores only and these on the leaves of Pinus inops, i.e., on trees of the same order on which Colesporium has. Fig. yo.—A-D, Uromyces pisi. A. Ascidia on deformed leaves of Euphorbia cypanssms; B, ascidia enlarged; C, teliosori on leaves of Pisum sativum; teliosori enlarged; £ and F, Uromyces trifolii on Tr
RMRE2G9Y–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. COLEOSPORIUM 321 j^cidia on (? one of the two) leaves of Pinus austriaca, P silvestris, May, June; uredo- and teleutospores on Senecio Jacohaea, S. palustris, S. silvaticus, S. viscosus, S. vulgaris, all through the year; also recorded for S. pulcher, S. sarracenious, etc., in Botanic gardens, and on cultivated Cinerarias (i.e. Senecio) at Sydenham; see Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. 1908, xxxiii. 511. Very common. (Figs. 241, 242.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have bee
RMPG4APA–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. PERIDERMIUM. 415 P. filamentosum Peck. On Pinus ponderosa, also in America. P. Harknessii Moore. On Pinus pcmderosa, P. insignia, P. Sahineana, and P. contorta in California.. Fig. 249.âPeHdennium giganteum on Pinus Thunbergii from Japan, (v. Tubeuf phot.âthe specimen presented by Prof. Grasmann of Tokio.) P. brevius Barel. On Pinus excelsa in India. P. complanatum Barcl. On Pinus longifolia in India; on rind as wel
RMRDC1N4–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 116.âH7/poderma strobicota on Pinus Strobus. Ascus containing eight ascospores â with gelatinous coats; paraphyses with clavate ends. (After v. Tubeuf.) Fig. 117.âHypoderma strobicoia. Isolated ascospores: with and without a gelatinous coat, and one- or two-celled. (After v. Tubeuf.) some species, but have a delicate stalk in others. The spores, eight in each ascus, are never long and thread-like, but always mu
RMPG4AP5–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 249.âPeHdennium giganteum on Pinus Thunbergii from Japan, (v. Tubeuf phot.âthe specimen presented by Prof. Grasmann of Tokio.) P. brevius Barel. On Pinus excelsa in India. P. complanatum Barcl. On Pinus longifolia in India; on rind as well as needles. B. On the rind or bark: Peridermium Cornui Eostr. et Kleb. (now Cronartium asclepiadeum, p. 381). On Pinus sylvestris. P. strobi Kleb. (now Cro- â nartium rihicol
RMRDC149–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 416 UKEDINEAE. P. Ravenelii Thiim. On Piiitts aitstralis in North America (probably a variety of P. oblongisporium). P. deformans Mayr. On Pinus mitis in America. P. giganteum (Mayr). On Pimts deiuijlora and P. Thunhergii in Japan. This causes very conspicuous deformation of its host (Figs. 249 and 250). P. complanatum Barcl. On Pinus longifolia in India. The following species frequent other hosts: Peridermium conon
RMRDED3P–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 214.—Cronai'tium asclepiadeum oji Ct/nanch^m Vincetoxicum. The uredo- sori sliow as spots, the teleutospore-sori as processes on the leaves, (v. Tubeuf del) also on Gentiana asclepiadea). The aecidial stage, known as Peridermium Oornui Eostr. et Kleb. produces a blister-rust on the bark of Pinus sylvestris.. Fig. 215.—Ci-onartium asclepiadeum. Section of a Cynanchum leaf. The leaf-parenchyma is permeated with m
RMRDDWW6–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fio. 14. Fig. 13.—Tracheid of Pinus sytvestris destroyed by Travutes pini. The primary cell-WHll is completely dissolved from below upwards to a^ a; 6, secondary and tertiary layers of the walls consisting in the under portion of cellulose only, in which gi'anules of chalk are recognizable ; c, fungus-hyphae boring through the walls, leaving holes d and e. (After R. Hartig.) Fic. 14.—Tracheid of Pinus destroyed by P
RMRDE2D3–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 200 MYCOLOGY slit. The teliospores consist of four superimposed cells. There is a North American species of this family, Gallowaya pint (formerly Coleo- sporium pini), which has teliospores only and these on the leaves of Pinus inops, i.e., on trees of the same order on which Colesporium has. Fig. yo.—A-D, Uromyces pisi. A. Ascidia on deformed leaves of Euphorbia cypanssms; B, ascidia enlarged; C, teliosori on leaves of Pisum sativum; teliosori enlarged; £ and F, Uromyces trifolii on Tr
RMRE38T6–. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 525 Recorded on living leaves of Trijolium fragiferum, vepens, hyhridum, pra- tense, medium, pallescens, resupinaium. Diplococcium. 3106. Diplococcium resinae (Cda.) Sacc, Syll.IV"^LdauVIIP'"'. On resin on Pinus austciaca. J. Varde. Epochnium. 3107. Epochnium monilioides Fries S. M. Ill â "'^ Syll. IV "^ Ldau VIII °''' c. icon., Syn: Monilia fructigena Schum. no 1604 non Fries. On decaying fruit. S. October (Schum.). DematiaceaeâPhaeophragmiae. Clasterosporium. 3108. Clasterosporium scirpicolum (Fuckel)
RMRE2GA9–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. CEONARTIUM 317 Teleutospores. Columns hypophyllous, cylindrical, curved, up to 2 mm. long, crowded especially along the veins of the leaf, sometimes covering the whole leaf, orange to brownish- yellow ; spores oblong, smooth, reaching 70 fi long x 21 /x broad. jEcidia on stems and branches of Pinus GeHibra, P. monti- cola, P- Strobus, March—June; uredo- and teleutospores on Kibes nigrum, R. rubrurn, etc.,'July—October. Uncommon except when imported; Surrey, King's Lynn, Exeter, West- bury, Wobum, Windsor Forest
RMRE2G8X–. The British rust fungi (Uredinales) their biology and classification. Rust fungi. COLEOSPOEIUM 327 (2) CoLEOSPORiUM Melampyri Karst. Uredo Melampyri Eebentisch, Flor. Neomaroli. p. 355. Coleosporium Melampyri Karst. Myo. Fenn. iv. 62. Fischer, Ured. Sohweiz, p. 440, f. 269. Peridermium Soraueri Kleb. Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkr. iv. 194. The only apparent differences from G. Euphrasiae are in the size of the spores: uredospores 24—35 X 21-—28 ^i; teleutospores as much as 115/u, long, 21—28/x wide; epispore very thick (up to 28 yit) at the summit. .iEcidia on leaves of Pinus silvestris; uredo- an
RMRDC14P–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 249.âPeHdennium giganteum on Pinus Thunbergii from Japan, (v. Tubeuf phot.âthe specimen presented by Prof. Grasmann of Tokio.) P. brevius Barel. On Pinus excelsa in India. P. complanatum Barcl. On Pinus longifolia in India; on rind as well as needles. B. On the rind or bark: Peridermium Cornui Eostr. et Kleb. (now Cronartium asclepiadeum, p. 381). On Pinus sylvestris. P. strobi Kleb. (now Cro- â nartium rihicol
RMRDC151–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. PERIDERMIUM. 415 P. filamentosum Peck. On Pinus ponderosa, also in America. P. Harknessii Moore. On Pinus pcmderosa, P. insignia, P. Sahineana, and P. contorta in California.. Fig. 249.âPeHdennium giganteum on Pinus Thunbergii from Japan, (v. Tubeuf phot.âthe specimen presented by Prof. Grasmann of Tokio.) P. brevius Barel. On Pinus excelsa in India. P. complanatum Barcl. On Pinus longifolia in India; on rind as wel
RMRE392D–. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 147. Fig. 12. Hypoderma brachysporum on leaves of Pinus strobus, d, perithecium enlarged, b, ascus -j-, c, ascospore -p. From R 02 a. It clearly differs from Lop- hod, pinastri by its shorter asci and sporidia. The descrip- tion does not occur with Sac- cardo nor with Rehm but with Tubeuf (02^^). Rostrup mentions it early (83 d "', 85 a ''^ 6^ 87 j; see also Dalgas 88 ^=5), but he did not de- scribe it till 1889. Specimens of this fungus from Denmark are already contained in Schu- macher's herbarium from the beginning o
RMRE38PX–. Danish fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. Rostrup;. Fungi. 538 Stilbella (Syn: Stilbum Tode). 3212. Stilbella Rehmiana (Rbh.) Ldau IX '"', Syn: Stilbum Rehmianum Rbh., Syll. IV =" 6. X««l Is the conidial stage of Dermatea eucrita. On trunks of Pinus sfrobus. J. Silkeborg C^/s 07!). 3213. Stilbella turbinata (Fries) Ldau IX'''", Syn: Stilbum turb. Tode, Fries S. M. IIP''^ Syll. IV "^ On stems of Cactaceae. S. Botanisk Have. June 88. 3214. Stilbella fimetaria (Fries) Lindau IX ^'> Syn: Peziza fim. Fries S. M. IP", Stilbum fim. (Pers.) Berk. & Br., Sy
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